比较字符串 (Comparing Strings)
Swift 提供了三种方式来比较字符串的值：字符串相等、前缀相等和后缀相等。
字符串相等 (String Equality)
如果两个字符串以同一顺序包含完全相同的字符，则认为两者字符串相等：
let quotation = "我们是一样一样滴."
let sameQuotation = "我们是一样一样滴."
if quotation == sameQuotation {
println("这两个字符串被认为是相同的")
}
// 打印输出："这两个字符串被认为是相同的"前缀/后缀相等 (Prefix and Suffix Equality)
通过调用字符串的hasPrefix/hasSuffix方法来检查字符串是否拥有特定前缀/后缀。 两个方法均需要以字符串作为参数传入并传出Boolean值。 两个方法均执行基本字符串和前缀/后缀字符串之间逐个字符的比较操作。
下面的例子以一个字符串数组表示莎士比亚话剧《罗密欧与朱丽叶》中前两场的场景位置：
let romeoAndJuliet = [
"Act 1 Scene 1: Verona, A public place",
"Act 1 Scene 2: Capulet&aposs mansion",
"Act 1 Scene 3: A room in Capulet&aposs mansion",
"Act 1 Scene 4: A street outside Capulet&aposs mansion",
"Act 1 Scene 5: The Great Hall in Capulet&aposs mansion",
"Act 2 Scene 1: Outside Capulet&aposs mansion",
"Act 2 Scene 2: Capulet&aposs orchard",
"Act 2 Scene 3: Outside Friar Lawrence&aposs cell",
"Act 2 Scene 4: A street in Verona",
"Act 2 Scene 5: Capulet&aposs mansion",
"Act 2 Scene 6: Friar Lawrence&aposs cell"
]
您可以利用hasPrefix方法来计算话剧中第一幕的场景数：
var act1SceneCount = 0
for scene in romeoAndJuliet {
if scene.hasPrefix("Act 1 ") {
++act1SceneCount
}
}
println("There are \(act1SceneCount) scenes in Act 1")
// 打印输出："There are 5 scenes in Act 1"
相似地，您可以用hasSuffix方法来计算发生在不同地方的场景数：
var mansionCount = 0
var cellCount = 0
for scene in romeoAndJuliet {
if scene.hasSuffix("Capulet&aposs mansion") {
++mansionCount
} else if scene.hasSuffix("Friar Lawrence&aposs cell") {
++cellCount
}
}
println("\(mansionCount) mansion scenes \(cellCount) cell scenes")
// 打印输出："6 mansion scenes 2 cell scenes”