truncate, ftruncate - 截断一个文件到指定的长度
内容简介
#include <unistd.h> #include <sys/types.h> int truncate(const char *path, off_t length) int ftruncate(int fd, off_t length)
描述
The%uA0truncate() and%uA0ftruncate() functions cause the regular file named by%uA0path%uA0or referenced by%uA0fd%uA0to be truncated to a size of precisely%uA0length%uA0bytes.
If the file previously was larger than this size, the extra data is lost. If the file previously was shorter, it is extended, and the extended part reads as null bytes (’\0’). The file offset is not changed.
If the size changed, then the st_ctime and st_mtime fields (respectively, time of last status change and time of last modification see%uA0stat(2)) for the file are updated, and the set-user-ID and set-group-ID permission bits may be cleared.
With%uA0ftruncate(), the file must be open for writing with%uA0truncate(), the file must be writable.
返回值
On success, zero is returned. On error, -1 is returned, and%uA0errno%uA0is set appropriately.
错误
For%uA0truncate():
| Error Code | 描述 |
|---|---|
| EACCES | Search permission is denied for a component of the path prefix, or the named file is not writable by the user. (See alsopath_resolution(2).) |
| EFAULT | Path%uA0points outside the process’s allocated address space. |
| EFBIG | The argument%uA0length%uA0is larger than the maximum file size. (XSI) |
| EINTR | A signal was caught during execution. |
| EINVAL | The argument%uA0length%uA0is negative or larger than the maximum file size. |
| EIO | An I/O error occurred updating the inode. |
| EISDIR | The named file is a directory. |
| ELOOP | Too many symbolic links were encountered in translating the pathname. |
| ENAMETOOLONG | A component of a pathname exceeded 255 characters, or an entire pathname exceeded 1023 characters. |
| ENOENT | The named file does not exist. |
| ENOTDIR | A component of the path prefix is not a directory. |
| EPERM | The underlying file system does not support extending a file beyond its current size. |
| EROFS | The named file resides on a read-only file system. |
| ETXTBSY | The file is a pure procedure (shared text) file that is being executed. |
| For%uA0ftruncate() the same errors apply, but instead of things that can be wrong withpath, we now have things that can be wrong with%uA0fd: | |
| EBADF | The%uA0fd%uA0is not a valid descriptor. |
| EBADF%uA0or%uA0EINVAL | The%uA0fd%uA0is not open for writing. |
| EINVAL | The%uA0fd%uA0does not reference a regular file. |
遵循于
4.4BSD, SVr4, POSIX.1-2001 (these calls first appeared in 4.2BSD).
注意
The above description is for XSI-compliant systems. For non-XSI-compliant systems, the POSIX standard allows two behaviours for%uA0ftruncate() when%uA0length%uA0exceeds the file length (note that%uA0truncate() is not specified at all in such an environment): either returning an error, or extending the file.
Like most Unix implementations, Linux follows the XSI requirement when dealing with native file systems. However, some non-native file systems do not permit%uA0truncate() and%uA0ftruncate() to be used to extend a file beyond its current length: a notable example on Linux is VFAT.